Glossary

ISO 9000 is a family of standards for quality management systems (QMS) developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It provides a standardized model for QMS created through international consensus. ISO 9001 is the specification standard in this series. ISO 9000 is primarily concerned with quality management. This means anything that affects a product or service required by a customer and what that organization does to ensure that a certain standard of quality is achieved and maintained.

An organization can self-declare its compliance with the requirements or obtain external validation, usually by third-party registration/certification. As with other management system models developed by the ISO, the model is based on Deming’s PDCA cycle for continual improvement. Currently, more than half a million sites worldwide have obtained third-party ISO 9001 certification. In some cases, customers require their suppliers to achieve this level of validation to remain in the supply chain.
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See also: ISO; ISO 14000

Increasing consumer demand for safe food has led many companies to develop both food quality and food safety management systems based on hazard analysis and critical control point (HACCP). Food safety is the most important issue in the global food supply chain. To facilitate international trade in food, the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) published ISO 22000 in September 2005 for the certification of food safety management systems. The ISO developed this standard in close collaboration with the food industry.

The ISO 22000 standard is a generic food safety management standard. It defines a set of food safety management system requirements. It is an internationally recognized standard that aims to improve food safety by harmonizing the requirements for food safety management throughout the food supply chain. It covers all organizations in the food chain from farmers to catering, including packaging. ISO 22000 is a guidance standard describing the requirements of a food safety management system. It is also an auditable standard and can be used for certification and registration. ISO 22000 can be a useful business tool as it offers synergies to companies that have already implemented other ISO management systems. The standard can enable an organization to: 1) plan, implement, operate, maintain, and update a food safety management system; 2) demonstrate compliance with applicable statutory and regulatory food safety requirements; 3) evaluate and assess customer requirements relating to food safety; and 4) effectively communicate food safety issues to suppliers, customers, and relevant interested parties in the food chain.
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See also: ISO; ISO 9000; ISO 14000; Hazard analysis and critical control point

ISO 14000 is primarily concerned with the environment, or with what an organization does to manage the impact of its activities on the environment. ISO 14000 is a series of environmental management standards developed by the ISO which provide requirements, guidelines, and tools for implementing an environmental management system (EMS). It provides a standardized model for an EMS created through international consensus.

ISO 14001 is the requirement standard of the ISO 14000 series. Today, it is the most widely recognized standard for environmental management in the world. There are four ways to exhibit successful adoption of ISO 14001: self-declaration; audit by an interested party such as a client; external audit; and obtaining certification/registration. As with other management system models developed by the ISO, the model is based on Deming’s PDCA cycle for continual improvement.
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See also: ISO; ISO9000; ISO22000

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body based in Switzerland, comprising representatives from various national standards bodies. The organization was established in 1947 to develop common international standards in many areas. There are over 158 members of the ISO. Its main products are international standards, but the ISO also publishes technical reports, technical specifications, publicly available specifications, technical corrigenda, and guides. Among the numerous standards produced by the ISO are the ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 families of standards, and more recently ISO 22000, which are explained below.
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See also: ISO 9000; ISO 14000; ISO 22000

Please refer to Fishbone diagram.